Application of Nano Edible Films to Improve Some Dates in Saudi Arabia

Nano edible films represent advanced technology in food processing to improve the quality of food products. Indifferent materials were used such as (A) Carrageenan/kafirin nanoparticles/beeswax/oleic acid, (B)pectin/Tripolyphosphate (TPP)/bees wax, (C) Calcium alginate/CaCO3/glucono-d-lactone (GDL), (D) Guargum/titanium dioxide (TiO2)/candela wax/linolenic acid, (E) Carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/Tannin, and (F) Gguar-xanthan/Lemongrass oil/cellulose–acetate nanoparticles to evaluate the impactof edible films on quality attributes in Medjool and Barhy products during storage at (0 °C) and relativehumidity of 70-75%. The results indicated that decreasing the percentage of weight loss leads to excellentappearance until 60 days of cold storage in treatments coated with nanomaterials besides lower total microbialcounts. The physical, chemical and mechanical analyses were determined and the results indicated that the bestsamples were natural films with nanosuspension (B) followed by the samples (C, E, A, D, and F).

Películas comestibles a base de almidón nanoestructurado como material de barrera a la humedad / Edible films based on nanostructured starch as barrier material moisture

RESUMEN Los materiales de empaque proporcionan protección física y crean las condiciones fisicoquímicas apropiadas para proporcionar una vida útil adecuada. Recientemente, la industria alimentaria ha propuesto incorporar nanocompuestos a películas comestibles que se degraden en un periodo corto, sin causar problemas medioambientales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar una película comestible resistente a la humedad, utilizando almidón nanoestructurado, que pueda servir de empaque para aumentar la vida útil de los alimentos, sin afectar el medio ambiente. Los efectos del almidón nanoestructurado sobre las propiedades físicas y estructurales de una película comestible fueron estudiados en términos de espesor, solubilidad en agua, difusión, permeabilidad al vapor de agua (PVA), velocidad de transmisión de vapor de agua (VTVA) y comparados a las películas de almidón nativo. Los resultados mostraron que las películas comestibles formuladas con almidón nanoestructurado presentaron menor espesor, comparadas con las elaboradas con almidón nativo, además, los valores de la solubilidad en agua, el coeficiente de difusión, PVA y VTVA fueron menores para las películas nanoestructuradas, con respecto a las de almidón nativo. La nanoestructuración del almidón de maíz permitió obtener películas comestibles con excelentes propiedades de barrera a la humedad, sin modificar las propiedades estructurales de la matriz del polímero, lo que podría constituir una alternativa para el empaque de alimentos.

ABSTRACT The packaging materials provide physical protection and create the appropriate physicochemical conditions to give an adequate shelf life. Recently, the food industry has proposed to incorporate nanocomposites into edible films that degrade in a short period of time without causing environmental problems. The objective of this research was to develop an edible film using nanostructured starch, which can serve as a packaging, resistant to moisture, stable that can extend the shelf life of food and additionally environmental benefits. The effects of nanostructured starch on the physical and structural properties of an edible film were studied in terms of thickness, water solubility, diffusion, water vapor permeability (WVP) and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). The results showed that the edible films formulated with nanostructured starch had the lowest thickness. Furthermore, the solubility in water, the diffusion coefficient, WVP and WVTR were lower for these films. The nanostructuring of corn starch made it possible to obtain edible films with excellent water barrier properties without modifying the structural properties of the polymer matrix, which could constitute an alternative for food packaging.

Application of active films with natural extract for beef hamburger preservation / Aplicação de filmes ativos com extrato natural para preservação de hambúrguer de carne bovina

ABSTRACT: Edible chitosan-based films, in pure form (CH100), or blended with gelatin (GEL50:CH50), with and without boldo extract (B) were prepared. The oxygen permeability of the films, as well as color changes and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities on beef hamburgers samples were evaluated. CH100+B film exhibited optimal oxygen barrier properties (6.40±0.170cc-mL/[m²-day]), and this value was significantly increased in blended films (GEL50:CH50+B = 12.99±1.50cc-mL/[m²-day]) (P<0.05). All films provoked color changes in hamburger samples during storage, and the samples covered with CH100+B film showed a lower brightness and a higher redness. All films effectively protected beef hamburger from lipid oxidation, and boldo extract incorporation in pure and blended films enabled significant protection, when compared to the control sample (155.78±0.85meq O2/kg) (P<0.05). Finally, all films proved to be effective in microbial growth control, suggesting that these films are an effective alternative in improving food safety and quality of fresh meat.

RESUMO: Filmes comestíveis à base de quitosana, na forma pura (CH100), ou misturados com gelatina (GEL50:CH50), com e sem extrato de boldo (B), foram preparados. Avaliou-se a permeabilidade ao oxigênio dos filmes, assim como mudanças de cor e atividades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas sob amostras de hambúrguer de carne bovina. Filmes de CH100+B exibiram ótimas propriedades de barreira ao oxigênio (6,40±0,170cc-mL/[m²-dia]), e este valor foi significativamente aumentado em filmes mistos (GEL50:CH50+B = 12,99±1,50cc-mL/[m²-dia]) (P<0,05). Todos os filmes provocaram mudanças de cor nas amostras de hambúrgueres durante o armazenamento, apresentando as amostras cobertas com o filme CH100+B uma menor luminosidade e um maior vermelhidão. Todos os filmes protegeram efetivamente o hambúrguer de carne bovina da oxidação lipídica, e a incorporação do extrato de boldo em filmes puros e misturados possibilitou significativa proteção, quando comparada à amostra controle (155,78±0,85 meq O2/kg) (P<0,05). Finalmente, todos os filmes mostraram-se eficazes no controle do crescimento microbiano, sugerindo que estes filmes são uma alternativa eficaz para melhorar a segurança dos alimentos e a qualidade da carne fresca.

Effect of edible quinoa protein-chitosan based films on refrigerated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) quality

Background Strawberries are non-climacteric fruits with a low respiration rate, but are subject to serious fungal deterioration during postharvest handling. The edible coatings based on chitosan (CH), quinoa protein-chitosan (Q/CH) and quinoa protein-chitosan-sunflower oil (Q/CH/SO) may provide a solution to this problem. Thus, in this work CH, Q/CH and Q/CH/SO were elaborated and applied to fresh strawberries, and its effect on the strawberries shelf life during storage for 15 d was evaluated by mold and yeast count, fungal decay, carbon dioxide rate, physicochemical properties, and sensory evaluation. Results On all analysis days, the strawberries coated with the film-forming CH, Q/CH and Q/CH/SO solutions presented a significant lower amount of mold and yeast growth than the uncoated strawberries. Coated strawberries with Q/CH/SO decreased the CO2 emission rate by 60% compared to the uncoated strawberries. The color of the strawberries was not influenced by the films. There was no significant difference between the different coating groups and the uncoated group in the physicochemical parameters. Sensory analysis showed that the coating application retained the total sensorial quality. Conclusions Fresh strawberries coated with CH, Q/CH/SO and Q/CH edible films had longer shelf lives than uncoated fruits.

Mechanical and permeability properties of milk protein films

Edible films present a potential alternative for replacing plastic films used for packaging in food industry. One of the major advantages is the environmental appeal of this technology, which produces no packaging waste. Some films made with other edible materials have found commercial applications, and many more are being developed using a myriad of food based components. This paper focuses on some important characteristics of films produced with sodium and calcium caseinates. The effects of caseinate type and concentration, plasticizer concentration and pH were studied. Major parameters investigated were solubility, tensile properties, water vapour and oxygen permeabilities. Caseinate films showed high solubility at pH range 6.0-8.0 and complete insolubility at pH 3.0 and 4.0. Calcium caseinate films had a higher tensile strength and a lower percent elongation at break than sodium caseinate films. There was not significant difference in water vapour and oxygen permeabilities between sodium and calcium caseinate films.

Filmes comestíveis representam uma alternativa potencial para a substituição de filmes plásticos .empregados em embalagem de alimentos. Uma de suas maiores vantagens relaciona-se com o problema de poluição ambiental por não gerar material residual. Filmes elaborados com outros materiais comestíveis não protéicos têm encontrado aplicação comercial e muitos outros ainda estão sendo pesquisados, usando uma grande variedade de componentes alimentares. Este trabalho estuda algumas características importantes dos filmes produzidos com caseinatos de sódio e de cálcio. Os efeitos do tipo e concentração de caseinato, concentração de plastificante e do pH são investigados. Os parâmetros pesquisados foram a solubilidade, propriedades de tração e permeabilidade a vapor de água e oxigênio. Filmes de caseinato apresentaram alta solubilidade na faixa de pH entre 6.0 e 8.0 e completa insolubilidade em pH 3.0 e 4.0. Maior resistência à tração e menor percentagem de alongamento no ponto de ruptura foram observados para os filmes de caseinato de cálcio, comparados aos de caseinato de sódio. Não houve diferença significativa entre os filmes de caseinato de sódio e de cálcio, no que se refere à permeabilidade a vapor de água e oxigênio.